Map Reduce

The Doctrine MongoDB Object Document Mapper fully supports the map reduce functionality and improves the user friendliness of it as well.

Note

From MongoDB.org:

Map/reduce in MongoDB is useful for batch manipulation of data and aggregation operations. It is similar in spirit to using something like Hadoop with all input coming from a collection and output going to a collection. Often, in a situation where you would have used GROUP BY in SQL, map/reduce is the right tool in MongoDB.

Imagine a situation where you had an application with a document named Event and it was related to a User document:

<?php

namespace Documents;

/** @Document */
class Event
{
    /** @Id */
    private $id;

    /** @ReferenceOne(targetDocument="Documents\User") */
    private $user;

    /** @String */
    private $type;

    /** @Date */
    private $date;

    /** @String */
    private $description;

    // getters and setters
}

/** @Document */
class User
{
    // ...
}

We may have a situation where we want to run a query that tells us how many sales events each user has had. We can easily use the map reduce functionality of MongoDB which is tightly integrated with the Query API. Here is a simple map reduce example:

<?php

$qb = $dm->createQueryBuilder('Documents\User')
    ->field('type')
    ->equals('sale')
    ->map('function() { emit(this.user.$id, 1); }')
    ->reduce('function(k, vals) {
        var sum = 0;
        for (var i in vals) {
            sum += vals[i];
        }
        return sum;
    }');
$query = $qb->getQuery();
$users = $query->execute();
foreach ($users as $user) {
    echo "{$user['_id']} had {$user['value']} sale(s).\n";
}

When using map reduce with Doctrine, the results are not hydrated into objects and the raw results are returned directly from MongoDB.

Here is the exact same example we provided above except done with raw PHP code without the use of Doctrine:

<?php

$db = $mongo->selectDB('my_db');

$map = new MongoCode('function() { emit(this.user.$id, 1); }');
$reduce = new MongoCode('function(k, vals) {
    var sum = 0;
    for (var i in vals) {
        sum += vals[i];
    }
    return sum;
}');

$sales = $db->command(array(
    'mapreduce' => 'events',
    'map' => $map,
    'reduce' => $reduce,
    'query' => array('type' => 'sale')));

$users = $db->selectCollection($sales['result'])->find();

foreach ($users as $user) {
    echo "{$user['_id']} had {$user['value']} sale(s).\n";
}

Your reduce function could return any type of variables, if you rewrite reduce as follows:

<?php

//...

$reduce = new MongoCode('function(k, vals) {
    var sum = 0;
    for (var i in vals) {
        sum += vals[i];
    }
    return { user_id: k, sum: sum };
}');
//...
foreach ($users as $user) {
    echo "{$user['value']['user_id']} had {$user['value']['sum']} sale(s).\n";
}